副目次 |
第 4 章 生態系モデルのシミュレーション 1 節 モデル生態系の構造 2 節 最大呼吸問題の定式化 3 節 最大呼吸解としての群集構成 4 節 双対解と呼吸廃熱価値体系 5 節 群集構成の最適性と現実性 |
植食 | 肉食 | 微生物食 | 腐食 | |||||
A/C | P/A | A/C | P/A | A/C | P/A | A/C | P/A | |
微生物 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.40 |
無脊椎動物 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.80 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.20 | 0.40 |
脊椎恒温動物 | 0.50 | 0.02 | 0.80 | 0.02 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
脊椎変温動物 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.80 | 0.10 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
主体 | 要素 | ||||
名前 | 名前 | ||||
1 | P | 植物 | 1 | S | 太陽光 |
2 | Ha | 植食動物(恒温) | 2 | N | 栄養塩 |
3 | Hb | 植食動物(変温) | 3 | Hu | 腐植・難分解物 |
4 | Hc | 植食動物(無脊椎) | 4 | Pv | 植物体(脊椎動物) |
5 | Cga | 肉食動物(恒温,生食系) | 5 | Pi | 植物体(無脊椎動物) |
6 | Cgb | 肉食動物(変温,生食系) | 6 | Bpv | 植食動物体(脊椎) |
7 | Cgc | 肉食動物(無脊椎,生食系) | 7 | Bpi | 植食動物体(無脊椎) |
8 | Mfc | 微生物(肉食動物排泄物) | 8 | Bc | 肉食動物体 |
9 | Sfc | 腐食動物(肉食動物排泄物) | 9 | Bs | 腐食動物体 |
10 | Mfo | 微生物(一般排泄物) | 10 | Bm | 微生物食動物体 |
11 | Sfo | 腐食動物(一般排泄物) | 11 | M | 微生物体 |
12 | Mp | 微生物(植物遺体) | 12 | Fc | 排泄物(肉食動物) |
13 | Sp | 腐食動物(植物遺体) | 13 | Fo | 排泄物(一般) |
14 | Ma | 微生物(動物遺体) | 14 | Dp | 植物遺体 |
15 | Sa | 腐食動物(動物遺体) | 15 | Da | 動物遺体 |
16 | Im | 微生物食動物 | R | 呼吸廃熱 | |
17 | Csa | 肉食動物(恒温,腐食系) | |||
18 | Csb | 肉食動物(変温,腐食系) | |||
19 | Csc | 肉食動物(無脊椎,腐食系) |
P | Ha | Hb | Hc | Cga | Cgb | Cgc | Mfc | Sfc | ||
1 | S | 50.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
2 | N | 0.6 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
3 | Hu | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
4 | Pv | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
5 | Pi | --- | --- | --- | 1.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
6 | Bpv | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.8 | 0.7 | --- | --- | --- |
7 | Bpi | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | --- | --- |
8 | Bc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
9 | Bs | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
10 | Bm | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
11 | M | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
12 | Fc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 |
13 | Fo | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
14 | Dp | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
15 | Da | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | --- | --- |
Mfo | Sfo | Mp | Sp | Ma | Sa | Im | Csa | Csb | Csc | |
S | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
N | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Hu | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pv | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pi | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bpv | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bpi | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bs | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Bm | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
M | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.0 | --- | --- | --- |
Fc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Fo | 1.0 | 1.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Dp | --- | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Da | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 | --- | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
P | Ha | Hb | Hc | Cga | Cgb | Cgc | Mfc | Sfc | ||
1 | S | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
2 | N | --- | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.200 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 2.400 | 1.800 |
3 | Hu | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.008 | 0.016 |
4 | Pv | 0.150 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
5 | Pi | 0.024 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
6 | Bpv | --- | 0.01 | 0.05 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
7 | Bpi | --- | --- | --- | 0.16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
8 | Bc | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.016 | 0.08 | 0.24 | --- | --- |
9 | Bs | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.080 |
10 | Bm | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
11 | M | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.392 | --- |
12 | Fc | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.200 | 0.20 | 0.20 | --- | --- |
13 | Fo | --- | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.784 |
14 | Dp | 0.426 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
15 | Da | --- | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.016 | 0.08 | 0.24 | --- | 0.080 |
R | 0.4 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.24 | 0.784 | 0.72 | 0.56 | 0.6 | 0.120 |
Mfo | Sfo | Mp | Sp | Ma | Sa | Im | Csa | Csb | Csc | |
S | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
N | 0.800 | 0.400 | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.400 | 0.200 | 0.10 | 0.200 | 0.10 | 0.05 |
Hu | 0.016 | 0.032 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.032 | 0.064 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pv | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Pi | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bpv | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bpi | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.016 | 0.08 | 0.24 |
Bs | --- | 0.080 | --- | 0.08 | --- | 0.080 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Bm | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.12 | --- | --- | --- |
M | 0.384 | --- | 0.36 | --- | 0.368 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Fc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.200 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Fo | --- | 0.768 | --- | 0.72 | --- | 0.736 | 0.70 | --- | --- | --- |
Dp | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Da | --- | 0.080 | --- | 0.08 | --- | 0.080 | 0.12 | 0.016 | 0.08 | 0.24 |
R | 0.6 | 0.120 | 0.6 | 0.12 | 0.6 | 0.120 | 0.18 | 0.784 | 0.72 | 0.56 |
No. | 主体 | 活動水準 | 生産 | 排泄 | 腐植 | 栄養塩 | 呼吸廃熱 |
1 | P | 166.6667 | 100.0000 | --- | --- | --- | 66.6667 |
2 | Ha | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
3 | Hb | 25.0000 | 1.2500 | 12.5000 | --- | 0.7500 | 11.2500 |
4 | Hc | 4.0000 | 0.6400 | 2.4000 | --- | 0.0400 | 0.9600 |
5 | Cga | 1.5625 | 0.0250 | 0.3125 | --- | 0.3125 | 1.2250 |
6 | Cgb | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
7 | Cgc | 0.3275 | 0.0786 | 0.0655 | --- | 0.0164 | 0.1834 |
8 | Mfc | 2.8820 | 1.1297 | --- | 0.0231 | 6.9168 | 1.7292 |
9 | Sfc | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
10 | Mfo | 83.8608 | 32.2025 | --- | 1.3418 | 67.0886 | 50.3165 |
11 | Sfo | 32.6663 | 2.6133 | --- | 1.0453 | 13.0665 | 3.9200 |
12 | Mp | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
13 | Sp | 71.0000 | 5.6800 | 51.1200 | 5.6800 | 7.1000 | 8.5200 |
14 | Ma | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
15 | Sa | 2.8353 | 0.2268 | 2.0868 | 0.1815 | 0.5671 | 0.3402 |
16 | Im | 33.3323 | 3.9999 | 23.3326 | --- | 3.3332 | 5.9998 |
17 | Csa | 1.2194 | 0.0195 | 0.2439 | --- | 0.2439 | 0.9560 |
18 | Csb | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
19 | Csc | 11.3006 | 2.7122 | 2.2601 | --- | 0.5650 | 6.3284 |
脊椎動物 | 0.04 | |
哺乳類 | 0.01 | |
鳥類 | 0.03 | |
その他 | ? | |
地上無脊椎動物 | 2.64 | |
地上動物計 | 2.68 | |
線虫 | 30.36 | |
節足動物 | 5.95 | |
環形動物 | 7.35 | |
原生動物 | 0.69 | |
土壌動物計 | 44.35 | |
酵母 | 0.07 | |
菌類 | 1770.6 | |
細菌 | 463.8 | |
土壌微生物計 | 2234.5 |
価値損失 | 呼吸廃熱価値 | ||||
No. | 記号 | No. | 記号 | ||
1 | P | --- | 1 | S | 0.01901 |
2 | Ha | 0.000034 | 2 | N | 0.14989 |
3 | Hb | --- | 3 | Hu | --- |
4 | Hc | --- | 4 | Pv | 1.08888 |
5 | Cga | --- | 5 | Pi | 1.11363 |
6 | Cgb | 0.008923 | 6 | Bpv | 0.02284 |
7 | Cgc | --- | 7 | Bpi | 0.02005 |
8 | Mfc | --- | 8 | Bc | --- |
9 | Sfc | 0.020573 | 9 | Bs | 0.01671 |
10 | Mfo | --- | 10 | Bm | 0.02785 |
11 | Sfo | --- | 11 | M | 1.13938 |
12 | Mp | 0.001766 | 12 | Fc | 1.40636 |
13 | Sp | --- | 13 | Fo | 1.15743 |
14 | Ma | 0.011170 | 14 | Dp | 1.05691 |
15 | Sa | --- | 15 | Da | 1.09042 |
16 | Im | --- | |||
17 | Csa | --- | |||
18 | Csb | 0.008087 | |||
19 | Csc | --- |
栄養塩 | 植物体 | 脊椎恒温 | 一般 | 動物 | 呼吸 | |
植食動物体 | 排泄物 | 遺体 | 廃熱 | |||
構成 | -0.06 | 1.00 | -0.01 | -0.50 | -0.01 | -0.49 |
価値 | 0.145 | 1.089 | 0.023 | 1.157 | 1.090 | 1.00 |
価値×構成 | -0.009 | 1.089 | -0.000 | -0.578 | -1.011 | -0.49 |
No. | 記号 | I | II |
総呼吸 | 158.3960 | 158.3964 | |
1 | P | 166.6667 | 166.6667 |
2 | Ha | 25.0000 | 25.0000 |
3 | Hb | --- | --- |
4 | Hc | 4.0000 | 4.0000 |
5 | Cga | 0.2500 | 0.2500 |
6 | Cgb | --- | --- |
7 | Cgc | 0.5900 | 0.5900 |
8 | Mfc | 2.6696 | 2.6696 |
9 | Sfc | --- | --- |
10 | Mfo | 83.8491 | 83.9268 |
11 | Sfo | 32.6006 | 32.5581 |
12 | Mp | --- | --- |
13 | Sp | 71.0000 | 71.0000 |
14 | Ma | --- | --- |
15 | Sa | 2.8821 | 2.8780 |
16 | Im | 33.2445 | 33.2744 |
17 | Csa | 1.1848 | 1.2029 |
18 | Csb | --- | --- |
19 | Csc | 11.3232 | 11.3049 |